Enhancing togetherness: kinetochores and cohesion

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Enhancing togetherness: kinetochores and cohesion.

All organisms must correctly copy and equally distribute their genetic information each and every time a new cell is created. In eukaryotic cells, this action involves many different coordinated processes, including DNA replication, kinetochore and spindle formation, and chromosome cohesion. If errors occur in chromosome segregation, a chromosome may be lost or gained, resulting in an aneuploid...

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BACKGROUND Cells undergoing meiosis perform two consecutive divisions after a single round of DNA replication. During the first meiotic division, homologous chromosomes segregate to opposite poles. This is achieved by (1) the pairing of maternal and paternal chromosomes via recombination producing chiasmata, (2) coorientation of homologous chromosomes such that sister chromatids attach to the s...

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Centromeres play several important roles in ensuring proper chromosome segregation. Not only do they promote kinetochore assembly for microtubule attachment, but they also support robust sister chromatid cohesion at pericentromeres and facilitate replication of centromeric DNA early in S phase. However, it is still elusive how centromeres orchestrate all these functions at the same site. Here, ...

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Kinetochores

Not to be confused with1⁄4 centrosomes. But it’s OK to confuse them with centromeres. The centromere is the chromosomal domain where the kinetochore is assembled. Genetically speaking, the centromere is the locus necessary to segregate chromosomes. In many species, the centromere is also defined cytologically as the primary constriction visible on condensed chromosomes (the intersection point o...

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This paper makes a distinction between conversation and communication (signal transfer which may, or may not, be conversational) . The word " conversation" is given an interpretation, which ref.1nes its COIIBDonsense meaning. conversation maintains the autonor;Jy or identity of systems and, also , generates independencies between systems (human , societal , or others), which is a prerequisite o...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Genes & Development

سال: 2007

ISSN: 0890-9369

DOI: 10.1101/gad.1523107